Steps that are required to generate a Wittig reagent are: -reaction of phosphonium salt with a strong base and reaction of alkyl halide with Ph3P.
Wittig reagents are made by deprotonation of alkyl phosphonium salts and then this reaction can be reversed. The methodology is useful in the preparation of unusual Wittig reagents. Alkylation of Ph3P=CH2 with a primary alkyl halide R−CH2−X, gives out substituted phosphonium salts: Ph3P=CH2 + RCH2X → Ph3P+ CH2CH2R X.
Wittig reaction has a low atom economy because triphenylphosphine oxide is formed as a byproduct but this reaction can be improved in the absence of solvent.
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